Spray nozzle



Sept. 12, 1944. R. D. MADISON 2,358,177

SPRAY NOZZLE Filed June 26, 1943 V 3 H l 3 I 3 7 @ZZZOM ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 12 1944 Richard D. Madison,

Buffalo Forge Company,

Snyder, N. Y., assignor to Application June 26, 1943, Serial No. 492,424 6 Claims. (Cl. 299-114) This invention relates to improvements in spray nozzles of the type which includea whirl chamber from which the liquid is discharged through a central orifice in the form of a. fine spray.

In spray nozzles of this type, the spray isdischarged in the form of a hollow cone. In some cases, it is desirable to have some of the spray discharged in the interior of this hollow cone and this has heretofore been accomplished by bypassing some of the liquid from the inlet of the nozzle and directing it centrally into the whirl chamber toward the orifice.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a spray nozzle of this type of improved and simplified construction by means of which some of the spray is directed into the interior of the cone. Another object of this invention is to provide a nozzle of this type having in the whirl chamber a central post which is fluted near the discharge orifice, and which produces a cone with spray in the interior thereof. It is a further object of this invention to provide a nozzle of this type which is less apt to become clogged, than similar nozzles heretofore constructed.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will appear from the following description and claims.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a face view of a spray ing this invention.

Fig. 2 is a section thereof, on line 2-2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section thereof, on line 3-3, Fi 2.

The particular spray nozzle illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawing includes a body portion having an inlet connection 1 formed integral therewith and having a passage 8 for the liquid to be sprayed, which terminates at one side of or tangentially in a chamber 9 of circular cross section. Consequently, when liquid under pressure passes through the inlet duct 8, it whirls in the chamber 9 and also passes toward a discharge orifice In which is substantially coaxial with the chamber 9. This discharge orifice is nozzle embody- .preferably formed in a removable cap II which quired, ior example,

are commonly employed an ditioning apparatus. The body portion and cap may be made of any suitable materials, such for example as cast metal, or of molded plastic materials.

In order to cause the nozzle to produce a spray of conical form in which a portion of the spray is discharged within the cone, I provide in the whirl chamber 9 and near to but spaced from the discharge orifice ID a fluted or ribbed body l5, which has ribs I6 separated by relatively deep grooves or flutes l1 which extend substantially parallel to the axis fluted or ribbed body has. the property of stopping the whirling motion of the liquid flowing between the ribs or fins and retarding the whirlin motion of the liquid immediately adjacent thereto.

The effect of this construction is to cause a considerable rportion of the liquid discharged from the orifice to form a spray within the cone of spray. V

The fluted body I5 may be supported inoperative relation to the nozzle in any suitable or de sired manner. In the particular construction-illustrated, the fluted body I5 forms one end portion of a post 20 centrally arranged in the whirling chamber, and this post may be suitably supported in an end wall 2| of the housing in any suitable or desired manner. For example, in the particular construction illustrated, the housing wall 2| is provided with an aperture substantially coaxial with the discharge orifice l8 and the post 20 extends through this orifice. The post may, for example be adjustably secured in this aperture to position the end of the post nearer to or farther from the discharge orifice, to modify the form of the spray discharged from the orifice. For example, the aperture in the housing wall 2| may has a screw-threaded connection with the body portion. This cap also has a dome-shaped cavity I2 which forms a part of the whirl chamber 9 and terminates in the discharge orifice [0. Consequently, the liquid in the whirl chamber has a circular motion about the axis of this chamber and also moves toward the discharge orifice and, consequently, when the liquid reaches the orifice, it is discharged in a fine spray. Spray nozzles, as thus far described, are well known in the art, and

be threaded to cooperate with a correspondingly threaded portion 24 of the post, so that by turning the post, it may be adjusted toward andfrom the orifice. The post may be secured in adjusted position by means of a lock nut 22, and a packing disk or washer 25 maybe employed between the lock nut and the housing wall 2|. Any other means for supporting the fluted body IS in the nozzle may be employed.

In the operation of the nozzle described, the water entering the inlet passage 8 will whirl about the cylindrical portion of the post and at the same time, assume a, spiral motion toward the discharge orifice Ill. As the inner or axial portions of the body of liquid approach the discharge orifice, the whirling motion thereof is stopped where a fine spray is reair washing and air con; 1

of the whirl chamber. This tion of the passage of by the ribs or fins ii of the fluted body I 5 with the result that a spray is formed which has the finely divided liquid particles distributed through the interior as well as peripheral portions of the cone of spray discharged from the nozzle.

I have found it desirable to space the end of the fluted body from the discharge orifice H) a distance approximately equal to the diameter of this orifice, since this forms a spray having the most desirable characteristics. When the parts are thus proportioned, the nozzle will also have a materially decreased tendency to clog, for the reason that any particles of material large enough to clog the discharge orifice I will not pass to this orifice, since such objects will be too large to pass between the ribs or fins l6 and the adjacent inner wall of the nozzle cap II. If such objects become clogged between the inner wall of the nozzle cap and ribs IS, the nozzle will still be able to continue to operate, since only a porliquid between the-fluted body l and the inner wall of the nozzle capwill be blocked. Any body small enough to pass between the ribs l6 and the inner wall of the nozzle cap II will be small enough to also pass through the discharge orifice Ill. The distance irom the end of the post to the orifice may, however, be varied considerably to vary the concentration of the jet. The portion of the post in the whirling chamberremote from the orifice I0 is preferably of circular cross section so as to ofler the minimum resistance to the flow of liquid about this portion of the post.

The post 20, in the construction shown, is read- I ily removable from the nozzle. Consequently, if the ribs [6 become worn away by the rapid flow of liquid, they can be easily replaced by another fluted body. Furthermore, if it is desired to use on the body portion of the spray nozzle a cap having a difierent orifice, a post having a fluted body of diflerent form or spaced differently with reference to the discharge orifice can be inserted.

For purposes, such as air washing and humidifying, my improved nozzle has the advantage that air passing into the interior of the cone of spray produced 'by the nozzle, will still be exposed to the spray in the interior of this cone. The air is thus exposed to greater washing or humidii'ying effect than in the case of spray nozzles having merely hollow cones of spray.

My nozzle has the advantage that the construction of the same is much less complicated and easier toproduce than nozzles in which a stream of liquid is by-passed into the axial portion of the whirling chamber 9.

Another advantage of the nozzle is that when used in flooding, such for example as in flooding of slats in cooling towers, a uniform flooding within the entire area of the Jet results. This uniform distribution ofliquid within the jet also makes my improved nozzle desirable when scrubbing eifects are required.

Iclaim' as my invention:

l. A spray nozzle including a housing having formed therein a whirl chamber for liquid, a tangential inlet for the liquid into said chamber, a discharge orifice located substantially coaxial with that axis about which whirling takes place in said whirl chamber, and a ribbed body in said whirl chamber adjacent to but spaced from said orifice and having ribs extending substantially parallel to said axis.

2. A spray nozzle including a housing having formed therein a whirl chamber for liquid, a tangential inlet for the liquid into said chamber, a discharge orifice located substantially coaxial with that axis about which whirling takes place in said whirl chamber, anda ribbed body in said whirl chamber adjacent to but spaced from said orifice and having ribs extending substantially parallel to said axis, said body being spaced from said orifice a distance approximately equal to the diameter 01' said. orifice.

3. A spray nozzle including a housing having a whirl chamber formed therein and having a tangential inlet to said chamber for the liquid to be sprayed, a cap for said housing having a discharge orifice substantially coaxial with that axis about which whirling takes place in said chamber, and a post arranged in said chamber substantially coincidental with said axis and having its end spaced from said orifice and having the portion thereof adjacent to said orifice provided with flutes extending substantially lengthwise of said post, to guide the liquid adjacent to said post to-\ ward the orifice in a direction substantially parallel to said axis.

4. A spray nozzle including a housing having a whirl chamber formed therein and having a tangential inlet to said chamber for the liquid to be sprayed, a cap for said housing having adischarge orifice substantially coaxial with that axis about which whirling takes place in said chamber, and

a post arranged in said chamber substantially coincidental with said axis and having its end spaced from said orifice and having the portion thereof adjacent to said orifice provided with flutes extending substantially lengthwise of said post, to change the whirling motion of liquid adjacent to said post, the remaining portion of said post being substantially circular in cross section.

5. A spray nozzle including a housing having formed therein a whirl chamber for liquid, a tangential inlet for liquid to said chamber, a discharge orifice substantially coaxial with that axis about which whirling takes place in said whirl chamber, said housing having a hole in a wall thereof, said hole being substantially coaxial chamber, said housing having a hole in a wall thereof, said hole being substantially coaxial with said axis and said orifice, and a post having one end thereof removably having the other end thereof provided with fins extending lengthwise of said post and arranged adjacent to but spaced from said orifice.

I RICHARD D. MADISON.

secured in said hole and 

